{"id":230,"date":"2011-03-22T10:35:06","date_gmt":"2011-03-22T17:35:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/?p=230"},"modified":"2019-07-11T21:52:39","modified_gmt":"2019-07-12T04:52:39","slug":"optical-applications-of-full-diffraction","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/?p=230","title":{"rendered":"Optical Applications of Full Diffraction"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Revised May 30, 2011<\/p>\n<p>Earlier blogs on this topic discussed the relation of&nbsp; <em>The Theory of Scintillation with Applications to Remote Sensing<\/em>, which uses the forward propagation method (FPE) , to optical methods based on the Huygens-Fresnel construction.&nbsp; The revised paper linked below presents a more cohesive development.&nbsp; There is a regime where wavelength does not dictate sampling requirements.&nbsp; In this common regime, identical computational methods can be used for optics, acoustics, and radio frequency applications.&nbsp; This regime includes the Fraunhofer diffraction limit.&nbsp; However, the FPE is formally unconstrained.<\/p>\n<p>A case in point is ray optics, which is based on a wavelength independent geometrical construction.&nbsp; An example is shown in the Figure below.&nbsp; The problem is the omission of diffraction.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"RayTrace\" src=\"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/RayTrace-300x224.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"224\"><\/p>\n<p>The paper uses Fourier domain methods to compute the evolution of the wavefront from the aperture stop where ray optics gives an accurate representation to the focal plane.&nbsp; The problem is that full diffraction computation requires wavelength scale sampling.<\/p>\n<p>The figure below shows an example of Fraunhofer diffraction where computation at optical wavelengths is easily achieved.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/UnfocusedVertPlane1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-241\" title=\"UnfocusedVertPlane\" src=\"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/UnfocusedVertPlane1-300x224.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"224\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/UnfocusedVertPlane1-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/UnfocusedVertPlane1.jpg 660w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>The two figures below show the development of a focus at mm wavelengths where full-diffraction computations are feasible.&nbsp; The details are discussed in the unpublished paper submitted for publication in <em>Antennas &amp; Propagation Magazine<\/em> linked below.<a href=\"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/Focus1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-290\" title=\"Focus\" src=\"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/Focus1-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/Focus1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/Focus1.jpg 560w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/FocusedVertPlane1.jpg\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/FocalPlaneIntensity1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-289\" title=\"FocalPlaneIntensity\" src=\"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/FocalPlaneIntensity1-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/FocalPlaneIntensity1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/FocalPlaneIntensity1.jpg 560w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/FocalPlaneImage1.jpg\"><br \/>\n<\/a>Updated June 17, 2011.&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/OpticsDiffractionFPE26.pdf\">OpticsDiffractionFPE2<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/OpticsDiffractionFPE25.pdf\"><\/a><!--more--><!--more--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Revised May 30, 2011 Earlier blogs on this topic discussed the relation of&nbsp; The Theory of Scintillation with Applications to Remote Sensing, which uses the forward propagation method (FPE) , to optical methods based on the Huygens-Fresnel construction.&nbsp; The revised &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/?p=230\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[7,6],"class_list":["post-230","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-propagation-theory-applications","tag-diffraction","tag-strong-focusing"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/230","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=230"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/230\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":608,"href":"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/230\/revisions\/608"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=230"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=230"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chuckrino.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=230"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}